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Ausgabe 1-2010

Themenschwerpunkt:
Gender und Sicherheit
Gender and Security

INHALT

Editorial | download full article as pdf
Seite III

Themenschwerpunkt:
Gender und Sicherheit
Gender and Security

Beiträge aus Sicherheitspolitik und Friedensforschung

Neuerscheinung
Seite 55

Annotationen | download full article as pdf
Seite 56

Besprechungen | download full article as pdf
Seite 57

ENGLISH ABSTRACTS

Hypermasculine War Games: Triangulating US-India-China
Payal Banerjee and L.H.M. Ling
Triangulation discourse perpetuates a hypermasculine war game that is also colonizing in nature. Participation in and complicity with this model of international relations relegate the postcolonial state to a position of subaltern “mimicry” that aims, constantly, to demonstrate its national “manhood,” so to speak. We need to change not just “the rules” but also “the game” altogether. We can begin by recognizing other relations, traditions, and ways of being. We focus on US-India-China relations as an example.

Political and Socio-Economic Aspects of Gender Equality and the Onset of Civil War
Margit Bussmann
Recent empirical studies showed that societies with less gender discrimination are more peaceful. However, the relationship could be spurious if gender equality captures aspects of good governance, democracy, or the level of development. Empirical results of a sample of 110 countries for the years 1985-2000 indicate that various aspects of gender equality do indeed promote peace even when holding other influences constant. The results of the present study support the notion that improving the situation for women with regard to more political representation but especially more economic participation and better access to health and education improves a society’s domestic peace.

Gleichstellung der Geschlechter in der UN-Verwaltung im Bereich Friedenskonsolidierung
Ulrike Baumgärtner
The Security Council Resolution 1325 has changed the personal, the structure as well as the practices of UN peacekeeping.
The military dominated international bureaucracy has taken efforts to increase numbers of female staff, has established
gender-related institutions and has integrated gender-sensitive programs. These organizational changes can be regarded as efforts to implement the emerging norm of gender equality that shifted from the development and human rights area to the sphere of international security. This article aims at giving a systematic overview of empirical changes in the polity, politics and policy of the UN peacekeeping bureaucracy between 2000 and 2008.

Gender, Gerechtigkeit und Sicherheit in Nachkriegsgesellschaften - Plädoyer für einen holistischen Ansatz der Friedensförderung
Martina Fischer
Many of the intra-state wars observed world-wide end up in protracted conflicts. The everyday lives of entire populations
are afflicted by immense cultures of violence that affect men and women in different ways. Women in particular undergo the
experience that violence does not come to an end after a ceasefire. Recent NGO campaigns have contributed to including gender aspects in post-war regeneration, transitional justice and peacebuilding. These issues have also been successfully raised at the UN-level. Feminist research has generated expertise on the context of war and gender-specific violence. But still some challenges remain. International peacebuilding missions need to be reformed in order to meet the standards required for gender-sensitive approaches. Peace research should contribute additional analysis on the interplay of male and female roles and identities, in order to fully understand the dynamics of violent conflict.

Kriegerische Maskulinitätskonstrukte und sexualisierte Gewalt in Sierra Leone und Uganda
Rita Schäfer
For analyses of gender and security as well as for political planning regarding improvements of specific security situations
in post-war societies, it is important to understand gender-specific violence as a structural problem. Differences between men and women should be considered thereby. Only then does it become clear, who among the men are often the actors of violence and who among the women are primarily threatened by acts of violence.

Wartime Rape: Identifying Knowledge Gaps and their Implications
Elvan Isikozlu and Ananda S. Millard
This article reviews the literature on wartime rape and identifies four principal gaps: first, the need to identify modalities
of wartime rape; second, the importance of identifying the ways by which the family and community of raped individuals are also impacted by wartime rape; third, the importance of exploring effects of wartime rape alongside the physical and psychological consequences; and fourth, the importance of understanding the cultural context in which the rape took place. Filling these gaps, we argue, is important in order to better understand wartime rape and hence more effectively promote post-conflict recovery and prevent its perpetration in the future.

Licht am Ende des Tunnels? Der Aufbau der Afghanischen Nationalarmee
Michael Paul
Public support for the ISAF mission in troop-contributing countries is falling. Thus, NATO’s Secretary General Rassmussen
declared that “our populations, Afghan and international, want to see light at the end of the tunnel.” Will the Afghan
National Army (ANA) shed some light on the war in Afghanistan? Part of the problem is that the Bush administration switched its focus from Afghanistan to Iraq in 2002, a priority only recently reversed. Of the 86 ANA battalions, or kandaks, fielded to date, 46 are rated capable of operating independently. But the emphasis on ANA infantry forces means that NATO forces have to provide everything else, from artillery and air strikes to medical care and supplies. For the ill-equipped ANA, advisers are a lifeline to the enormous resources of NATO. In a shooting war where a weak indigenous force faces a threat beyond its capabilities, a training effort can complement a larger NATO military presence but not substitute for one. The ANA is on the right way, but it will take strategic patience and endurance to build up an ability to substitute NATO forces

Das Verbot von Chemiewaffen: Fünf Hürden auf dem Weg zu einer chemiewaffenfreien Welt
Thomas Müller-Färber und Roland Hiemann
This article focuses on the essential challenges to the idea of a world free of chemical weapons. The authors identify
five different problem areas carrying the potential to substantially reduce the feasibility of the global prohibition of chemical
weapons: the delayed demilitarisation of chemical weapons, related capabilities of non-member states to the Chemical Weapons Convention, the spread and development of non-lethal chemical weapons, the accelerated scientific and technology progress in biochemical sciences and, finally, weak public support for the elimination of chemical weapons. Notwithstanding the substantial progress made in the past, it is argued that the international community needs to tackle these pivotal obstacles in the mid- and long term future in order to achieve a world without chemical weapons.